| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2018 | Volume
: 27
| Issue : 1 | Page : 69-77 |
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Prevalence of obesity and ethno-geographic variation in body sizes of Nigerians with type 2 diabetes mellitus - A multi-centre study
WO Balogun1, AE Uloko2, A Ipadeola1, O Enang3, AN Adamu4, BM Mubi5, CI Okafor6, I Odeniyi7, IU Lawal2, JO Adeleye1, OA Fasanmade7
1 University of Ibadan, Nigeria
2 Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
3 University of Calabar, Nigeria
4 University of Ilorin, Nigeria
5 University of Maiduguri, Nigeria
6 University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria
7 University of Lagos, Nigeria
Correspondence Address:
A E Uloko
Department of Medicine, Bayero University, Kano
Nigeria
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/1115-2613.278232
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BACKGROUND: Excess weight gain is common in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) but little is known about its ethno-geographic variation among the Nigerian populace. We aimed to report the prevalence and regional variation of overweight/obesity among subjects with type 2 DM in all the six geo-political regions of Nigeria.
METHOD: Basic demographic and anthropometric data were consecutively collected from patients with type 2 DM attending out-patient clinics of seven designated teaching hospitals in the six geographic regions of the country using a pre-agreed method of measurement of anthropometry including waist circumference. The study was hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional in design. Body Mass Index (BMI) was categorised using the WHO criteria. Based on recommendations of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) cut-off values for waist circumference, values >94 cm and > 80 cm were taken as abnormal for men and women respectively.
RESULTS: A total of 709 subjects with DM comprising 378 (53.3%) females and 331 (46.7%) males (female: male ratio 1:1.14)with an overall mean age (SD) of 51.9 (13.9) years were evaluated. The prevalence of excess body weight among Nigeriansubjects with type 2 DM was: peripheral (417 or 58.8%) and abdominal obesity (449 or 63.3%). Also, there was a significantwide variation in excess weight gain (both peripheral and central) across ethno-geographic regions (p=0.001) and between both sexes (p=0.001). In both peripheral and abdominal obesities, whether intra or inter centres, the female subjects with type 2 DM demonstrated relatively higher proportions of anthropometric measures. Generally, subjects from south-south and south-east Nigeria had higher BMI and abdominal obesity compared to those from south-west who had the lowest. The female subjects with type 2 DM were heavier peripherally and centrally compared to their male counterparts.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of peripheral and central obesity among Nigerians living with type 2 DM (especially the female subjects) is unacceptably high. Additionally, there is a wide variation in the proportion and absolute values of both peripheral and central obesity across different parts of Nigeria.
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